Have you ever wondered how a tyre is designed and produced? Or wondered how different tread patterns are added to the outside of tyres to maximise traction and optimise handling across varying models?
The process of tyre manufacturing involves complex technology and design engineering; all pulled into a tyre mould which is then used to effectively shape and set the rubber. In this blog, we take a deep dive into how these moulds work and how tread patterns are built into the design and structure of each tyre.
What is a Tyre Mould Made Of?
A tyre mould is formed from a series of layers, which start with a strong and sturdy outer casing and then work their way in to form the details on the tyre.
The outer layer and casing of any tyre mould will typically be made from a steel or forged aluminium, which is strong enough to withstand the pressure of the rubber and the high temperatures used to heat and shape the raw materials.
Different types of tyres will often use different styles and types of mould – all of which facilitate the important stage of vulcanisation which strengthens rubber through the bonding of polymer chains within its structure. Passenger car tyres will most often be formed using either a segmented or a two-piece mould, while TBR vehicles and trucks often require something a bit stronger in the form of a steel engraved mould.
In short, when trying to picture or imagine a tyre mould, simply think about the kind of mould you might pour a cake into. The concept is largely the same, with the inside edge of that mould boasting a reverse design of the tread pattern and detail you want on the outer surface of the tyre. The difference lies in what these moulds are made of and how they balance strength with functionality during the production process.
How Are Tread Patterns Added to Tyres?
From rugged tread patterns to smoother performance tyres, aggressive winter tyres and all-season tyres for everyday safety and stability, the tread pattern plays a huge role in how effective a tyre is.
The design of the tyre mould controls the tread pattern, including both the size and depth of the tread blocks, and how far apart they sit. With tread pattern directly affecting everything from traction and handling to the way a tyre performs on different terrains and in different conditions, ensuring that these tread patterns are stable and perfectly balanced is crucial.
The exact tread pattern is typically mapped out using computer-aided design programmes, considering the placement of vents as well as sipes and other features. All of this then contributes to the overall design finish.
A Few Things to Remember About Tyre Tread Design
The tread pattern you opt for will directly affect how your vehicle feels and responds to different driving behaviours and different terrains. But aside from the design itself, what else do drivers and vehicle owners need to be aware of?
The first and most important thing to remember is that tyre tread maintenance is a legal obligation when it comes to maintenance. Tyres must have a minimum tread depth of 1.6mm around the circumference of the tyre to be deemed legal to drive – and must now exhibit signs of uneven wear and tear. The best way to check this is with the 20p trick or using a tread gage tool.
If tyres are becoming worn at an uneven rate or are exhibiting signs of excessive wear, it’s important to source ideal replacement tyres before they become illegal to drive on the road. Browse our full collection of tyres to find a suitable replacement today.
